Archived from on 19 December 2017. Justice was replaced simply by Justice. Find sources: — · · · · February 2009 Madam , or madame or , is a polite and formal form of address for , often contracted to ma'am pronounced in American English and in British English. Archived from on 27 September 2011. Traditionally, Chinese wives retain their birth name. . Marital status is indicated by using Madam or Mrs.
In the , female of the are rather than Madam Justice, regardless of marital status; however, female are referred to as either Madam or Ma'am. This article needs additional citations for. The English male equivalent is. In 2009 the European Parliament issued guidance on the use of gender-neutral language which discouraged the use of terms which indicate a woman's marital status. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Likewise, female of the have preferred to be addressed simply as President in direct address, rather than Madam President.
A famous example is Henrietta Anne of England, daughter of Charles I. By the precedent set by , a female is Madam Speaker. However, the title is used in third-person reference: Madam Justice , Madam Justice Arbour. . . .
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